Right to Education
The right of everyone to education was enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 (Article 26), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966 (Articles 2, 13 and 14 the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Articles 1, 2 and 5 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ( Articles 1 and 10 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Articles 2, 9, 28 and 29)
At the World Forum on Education in Dakar (April 2000) A Framework for Action was adopted, which "reaffirms the goal of education for all made at the World Conference on Education for All (Jomtien , Thailand, 1990) and commits signatory states to achieve the goals of basic education of quality for all by the year 2015, with particular emphasis on universal access to the primary school and education of girls. These objectives have been affirmed by the Millennium Declaration of the UN
Interpretation of the right to education:
The Rapporteur of the Committee on Human Rights UN has listed four characteristics of education:
• Depreciation: requirement for the State to establish an educational system that has a sufficient number of schools, to ensure eradication of all grounds of discrimination prohibited by international treaties and to allow parents to choose the education provided at their children;
• Accessibility: the elimination of all barriers to access to education for all children of school age without discrimination and at reasonable costs;
• Acceptability: minimum standards of quality, safety and environmental health in respect of human rights, freedom of teaching content and methods of instruction;
• Adaptability: match fees based on age, formal education for those who have no access to schools (children and young people deprived of their liberty, refugees, displaced persons, child workers and nomadic communities), adaptation education for it promotes the exercise of all human rights.
A right recognized internationally
According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, education is a right guaranteed by the States, and should have the following objectives
- Promote the development of the personality of the child and developing his talents and mental and physical abilities to the fullest extent of their potential;
- The development of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and principles enshrined in the UN Charter;
- The development of respect for his parents, his identity, language and its cultural values and respect for national values of the country where he lives, the country from which it may originate and for civilizations different from his;
- Prepare the child for responsible life in a free society in a spirit of understanding, peace, tolerance, equality between the sexes and friendship among all peoples, ethnic, national and religious and persons of indigenous origin;
- The development of respect for the natural environment.