Rowing (sport)
It is called rowing to all sports that involve the propulsion of a boat in the water with or without coxswain, by the muscular strength of one or more rowers, using oars as one or two simple levers of the second degree , sitting back on the direction of motion.
In a rowing boat all supporting elements (which are the supports for the force) must be fixed to the body of the boat, but the car is sitting where the rower can move. This results in a classification depending on whether the car is moving or not. We then rowing on mobile and fixed bank.
Rowing mobile banking is characterized by having a seat on wheels that allows the legs in the propulsion of the boat. In the fixed seat rowing, the rower sits on a fixed seat, and propulsion is done with the torso and arms. In both modes the oarsman sits facing a stern , facing away from the direction of motion.
It distinguishes between the Olympic rowing, which are performed all 14 procedures, mobile banking - and the non-Olympic rowing, which has more modes and includes a fixed seat rowing.
History
The rowing boat propulsion method has an ancient tradition. However, as a sport developed in England in the seventeenth century . Sport was stately and reserved for the knights that spread to the rest of Europe and the world. In the nineteenth century were founded the first clubs outside England. In Spain , Portugal and Argentina are still rowing clubs founded in the mid-nineteenth century.
From that time until today, rowing has experienced rapid development, both basic concepts in both technology and boat building and rowing on the rowing technique. The high competition, it has also been great progress in their training modes. Today is no longer a sport elegant and exclusive. The ladies began to participate more than 100 years ago, but today there are still rowing clubs exclusive to men, as well as exclusive to women.
The Olympic rowing known to one of its basic sports almost since its beginning. Today the Olympic Games gold medals awarded in 14 modalities, both men and women, both heavy and light weight, resulting in 48 gold medals in a personal capacity. But these methods are just one part of the wide variety of rowing events that exist, and include procedures that are unique to certain countries. In Spain, fixed seat rowing on the Atlantic coast is an unusual popularity in the sport. One reason is his great showmanship and the habit of betting on the winner of the race.
Methods
Mobile Bank
Sports Olympic of a great tradition. Is mainly performed on still waters (rivers, canals, lakes, ponds, harbors, dams), for the competition and for leisure. The racing is done on an Olympic distance of 2,000 m , with shorter distances and modalities for certain non-Olympic category. There are also long distance races and marathons. We distinguish between heavy and light weights, and male and female crews. The most popular varieties are the eight and the skiff (individual).
A major feature of mobile banking is rowing the oars are supported by bearings positioned outboard of bearing . That's why so these boats are called outriggers (English). Also the non-Olympic rowing and entertainment takes place in outriggers but to distinguish them from high competition called some gigs. The dinghies, which are also mobile banking are inriggers because the bearings are positioned on the outboard boat very wide (1.10 m), and the rowers are not sitting in line, but alternately on both sides of the boat to buy the necessary distance to the bearing. One type of some gigs with the same width of 1.10 m but with bearing, to facilitate the use of two oars (sculls). The use of two oars per rower is called a scull. These and the eskifes are best suited for paddling with some waves in lakes and the coast near the sea.
The oars of mobile banking are almost 3 m, in the case of using two at once (scull), and almost 4 m in the case of an oar for rowing (oar). Some forms have a steersman at the stern sitting or lying on the bow. Craft equipment, without rudder, is steering from the foot of one of the rowers. The coxswain / rower with rudder is usually the employer. The rower sitting in the stern (stroke), is that the pace and tactics in races. It is called the mark and sometimes takes on the role of pattern.
Rowing couple (or short) (shell)
- Skiff or single sculls, 1x, (± 8 m)
- Double scull or double, 2x, (± 10 m)
- Four or quadruple scull, 4x, (± 13 m).
Rowing at tip (or long) without coxswain (shell)
- Coxless pair, 2 -, (± 10 m)
- Coxless fours, 4 -, (± 13 m)
Rowing at tip (or long) with coxswain (shell)
- Two with coxswain, 2 +, (± 11 m)
- Four with coxswain, 4 +, (± 14 m)
- Eight with coxswain, 8 +, (± 17 m)
Non-Olympic Arrangements
There is talk of non-Olympic arrangements when we refer to those not included in the current program of the Olympic Games. This program in recent decades has been subject to changes and surely this will continue.
Currently there are 14 methods of outrigger high competition vying for Olympic medals, including those of male and female categories as well as those confined to the "lightweight" for the rowers and rowers.
The world championships is a greater variety of forms, also subject to changes. This will usually eliminate those past events that did not accumulate a certain number of participating crews. The world outrigger also are limited to high competition.
Los Constructor outriggers also manufactured with dimensions almost identical with those of high competition but devoted to instruction and training . They are training outrigger. Materials are more robust and therefore heavier.
In type outrigger races there are also some gigs in some countries, especially for school rowing and shoot, but there is no global or, of course, are included in the Olympics.
some gigs scull with or without coxswain
Mode used in some countries for the competition normally shoot about 1000 m distance for leisure sailing, hiking and international. In competition, the approved some gigs have a width of 78 cm , while some gigs have other widths up to 1.10 m.
- Car (7 m)
- Double (8 m )
- Triple (9 m)
- Quad (10 m)
- Five (11 m)
- Six with coxswain (15 m)
- Eight with coxswain (17 m)
Largo Remo
- Four with or without coxswain (10/11 m)
- eight with coxswain (17 m)
- Two two with or without
Yola (Inrigger) tip with coxswain
Also offer competition in national championships. In Spain and Gibraltar in four races, with ciabogas every 250 or 500 m on the same outrigger paddle distances, in Portugal in the three variants in a straight line without ciabogas.
- Two (8 m)
- Four (11 m)
- Eight (17 m)
Fixed Bank
It is one of the toughest sports out there, but not Olympic, can be both fan and professional. The oars are attached to the gunwale of the boat on batons and union between them and the oar is a kind of twisted rope ring natural or synthetic, which is called strap.
Drifters
Competitions 13 Intership rowers and a pattern typical of northern Spain. The racing is done in sea water ciabogas. The vast majority of travel and three ciabogas 4 long to perform, over a total distance of 3 nm (5556 m). The thirteenth rower stands at the bow (hence the name foreside) and is in charge of using the sink or espaldín, which is only a short paddle serves, supported by the trawler branque to force rotation is in the ciabogas.
Competitions
- ACT League
- ARC League
- Northwest League Drifters
- Traineras Championship of Spain
- Flag of La Concha
- Flag of Santander
Rowing
Rowing in the estuary of Bilbao .
Output of championship of Spain longboats of Education and Leisure , 1950, in Madrid's Retiro pond.
June rowing boats and a pattern.
Bateles
Craft 4 rowers and a pattern or helmsman. The rowers handle an oar each, like the pattern. Are arranged one after another, usually (although this may vary) each rower rows on the side opposite to that of in front, rowing vogue (rower closest to the employer) to port. It is a vessel of about 7 meters in length. It is unusual to take bites.
The races consist of various lengths depending on the category that competes (between 2 and 4). Every length is 500 meters long and between long and is made a buoy hauled in 180 º also called ciaboga. The official runs are 5 boats, ie five boats competing at the same time for each boat is assigned two buoys, the start-finish and "out" (except for the cadet class, the output and the goal are different buoys, the output would be for the other boats is the outside, since they have only 3 long, and faced with the need to end up in the line of buoys placed on land has to leave buoys out).
The boat is regulated by the Spanish Federation of Rowing since 1944, which was held at the Pond Retreat from Madrid the first National Championship, being the club with the best record [1] at senior level in this specialty the Club Castropol Sea has been achieved (through 2007) six titles and subtitles in July followed by the Club Iberia has been achieved (until 2007) 6 6 titles and subtitles.
Falucho
Competitions between vessels of 8 rowers and a coxswain typical of Levante . It measures approximately 8 meters from stem to stern and weighs about 370kg also weigh around 500kg. Rower's first port (brand) and the last to starboard (bow thruster that) are the only ones who go without anyone next, ie go alone. The positions are:
1 Brand, 1 Counter - 2nd Babor, Starboard 2nd - 3rd Babor, 3rd Starboard - 4th Babor, 4th Proel
The role of the brand is bringing the rhythm and the countermark felucca is to follow and at the same time his band (starboard) will follow him. The oar of the brand is often the shortest and the longest foreside, thus facilitating the ciaboga.
From the youth (17-18 years) the travel distance in competition is becoming more 2000m, with three tacks. There are also crossing, which consists of paddling from a distant point to another, generally lasting more than 35 minutes. As mentioned earlier, in a fixed seat is much more technical because they are used legs, back and arms in that order. In the attack position, the position incicial, supporting one another's feet on a bar Pedalino or (depending on the felucca) and placed at a distance in which the legs are slightly folded, and supporting the ball of the foot Pedalino harder to do when you stretch. After stretching the legs, the trunk must be pushed back and once "stretched" it is when you arm strength by taking them to the pit of my stomach. When he plays up to the attack position, the order is reversed, first out arms, then climb the trunk and spreads legs.
This makes it a sport with a lot of coordination and is the second sport behind the swimming works more muscles, so it is necessary that the rowers have a lot of strength and endurance.
Llaüt
Competitions between 8 rowers boat typical of Catalonia . It is very similar to the sloop in shape, but is much lighter, weighing about 150kg.
In this boat lies more and more attacks and that this technology is crucial final force of arms in typical felucca.
Seine Boats
Typical marine vessel on the Málaga coast and neighboring provinces, dedicated in the past to lower the seine art. Bilge curved, without a cover or liner, aft to the fisher, built of wood and propelled by an odd number of seven to fifteen oars, with banks and fixed climbing, including lateral keels for beaching on the beach. It is governed by the stern oar or espailla "located on the starboard or Corulla." The lore attributed Phoenician or Greek origins, perhaps motivated by their unique lines and structural features that characterizes the stem and stern high, Ram styling, unique bow cleats "maniquetas, and the characteristic eye on the bow. Currently there are seven oars, with a length of 8-9 m, width of 2 to 2.20 m, depth 0.45 to 0.5 m and weighing between 800 and 1150 kg.
Since the nineteenth century there is a good record of racing in the Port of Malaga , which have lasted to date. Also racing are popular summer of neighborhoods and towns of the Bay of Málaga : El Palo, Pedregalejo, San Andrés, La Cala del Moral, Rincón de la Victoria and La Carihuela. Similarly, the vessel is usually shipped to the Virgen del Carmen each July 16 to remove it in procession by the sea. Currently there are several clubs seine rowers in the province and Seine Boats Commission (COBARJA), responsible for coordinating the various races in this mode.
Indoor Rowing
Ergometers Concept 2.
The ergometers are machines that simulate the rowing action thus creating a perfect training ground in addition to being used as a machine to keep fit because it is a very comprehensive exercise. You can not simulate certain aspects of the technique of ships such as the exact resistance of water, balances due to waves or movements of the hands on the paddle but if it helps train the basic movements and positions of the oar.
Indoor rowing is now famous worldwide, is a sport with thousands of competitors worldwide and a multitude of competitions such as the World Championships CRASH-B Sprints in Boston. It helps in the winter season when there are common practice in the water.